Instructions: The amount of time and quantity of liquid absorbed vary according to the grains age and the location of harvest and storage. Lorna Sass recommends an ample 4 cups of liquid per 1 cup of grain. Pressure cook the grains for the minimum time recommended; then, if more cooking is required, either return the cooker to high pressure or simmer the grains, covered, for a few more minutes. Drain off excess liquid before serving. For a fluffier final product, immediately return the drained grains to the pot and replace the lid, allowing them to steam in the residual heat for a few minutes. For interesting variations, grains with approximately equal cooking times can be mixed and matched with each other, or with beans and legumes.

For aromatic flavour, try adding 3 or 4 quarter-sized slices of ginger and a bay leaf, or a large clove of garlic cut in two plus 1/2 teaspoon of dried herbs to the cooking liquid. Substitute vegetable, chicken, or beef stock or bouillon for all or part of the water, if desired.

To prevent foaming action from pushing grains to the lid and clogging the vent:
always add 1 tablespoon of oil or butter per 1 cup of dry grain, and fill the cooker only to the halfway mark. Quick-release pressure under cold running water.

in the unlikely event that you hear loud sputtering while cooking grains, or see water dripping down the sides of the pot, immediately take the cooker off the heat and place under cold running water to bring the pressure down. When the lid is cool enough to handle, remove it and clean both the bent and the rubber gasket. Lock the lid back into place and proceed with cooking under pressure.

Summary:
use 1 tablespoon of oil or butter and 4-4 1/2 cups liquid for each cup of grain
add 3 cups of water and 1 tablespoon of oil for each additional cup of grain
dont fill the cooker beyond the halfway mark - when cooking time is up, quick-release pressure under cold running water
drain immediately once grains are cooked to desired consistency

Table of Grain Cooking Times under pressure

Grain Type (1 cup) Cups Liquid Tbsp Oil Optional Salt Minutes HI PR Yield in Cups

Whole barley 4 1/2 1T 1/2 tsp 50-55 3 1/2

(unhulled)

Pearl Barley 4 1/2 1 T 1/2 tsp 18-20 3 1/2
Jobs Tears 4 1/2 1 T 1/2 tsp 20-22 2
Oats (whole
groats) 4 1 T 1/2 tsp 25-30 2
Triticale 4 1/2 1 T 1/2 tsp 25-30 2 1/4
Whole rye berries 4 1/2 1 T 1/2 tsp 25-30 2 1/4
Whole wheat berries 4 1/2 1 T 1/2 tsp 35-45 2

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