Instructions: 4 Main-dish servings

Barley, the oldest cultivated grain, is grown all over the world, in climates as varied as the Arctic Circle and the tropics. Although we are most familiar with barley as an ingredient in soup, it is an excellent grain for a vegetarian main course. It is high in protein and soluble fiber, as well as a powerhouse of vitamins and minerals. It is also extremely satisfying and delicious.

1. In a 4-quart casserole or Dutch oven, heat the olive oil over medium heat. Add the onion and cook, stirring, for 5 minutes, until softened.

Add the carrots and celery and cook, stirring frequently, for another 5 minutes.

2. Add the vegetable broth or water and bring to a boil. Stir in the barley and salt, reduce heat to a simmer, and cook, covered, for 30 minutes. Stir in the spinach and peas, cover, and cook for another 15 minutes.

3. Remove from heat and let stand, covered, for 5 to 10 minutes. Stir in the butter and Parmesan cheese. Season with freshly ground black pepper to taste and serve.

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