Instructions: Q. I bought a recipe book during a recent trip to India to try and recreate some of the delicious food I tasted when I was there. However, a lot of the recipes for creamy curries (which I particularly enjoyed) instruct you to add yogurt to the sauce early on in the preparation. When I have done this the yogurt has invariably curdled and Ive had to start again leaving the yogurt out until the last minute. This meant that the flavour of the spices did not permeate the yogurt as much as it ought to. Perhaps they use a different type of yogurt in India? I think they must, as no cow products seemed to be available anyway. Do you have any suggestions as to how I can solve this problem?

A. Cookbook author Julie Sahni says there are no more sacred or important natural products to Indians than cows or buffalos milk. The milk is traditionally made into five products: yogurt (dahi), clarified butter (ghee), Indian cheese (chenna or paneer), thickened milk sauce (rabadi), and milk fudge

(khoya). Milk is also drunk as a beverage, but it is served warm and sweetened with a bit of sugar or honey. In a nation with a preponderance of vegetarians, Sahni says, milk and milk products account for the chief source of protein.

Yes, yogurt will curdle when heated on its own. But the solution is to mix in a bit of flour, which will keep the yogurt together even when it boils. Chickpea flour is most often used for this purpose in India, partly because it adds flavor, but most any flour will do.

We have glanced at cooked yogurt recipes in quite a number of Indian cookbooks since your question came in, and few bother to tell you explicitly about adding flour. Some just put it in as part of the instructions; in other cases, the flour-step is omitted. Buffalo-milk yogurt does appear to be the yogurt of choice for Indian cooking, and as it has a higher fat content, also is more resistant to curdling. So in some cases, it appears, the cookbook authors are assuming you are also using the higher-fat yogurt. In the absence of buffalo-milk yogurt, wed try adding a teaspoon or so of flour, cornstarch, etc.

per cup of yogurt.

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